AP Statistics
Explore data, probability, and statistical inference
Exploring Data
Analyzing distributions of data
Types of Data and Sampling
Categorical vs quantitative data, sampling methods
Displaying Distributions with Graphs
Histograms, dot plots, stem plots, and boxplots
Describing Distributions
Shape, center, spread, and outliers (SOCS)
Measures of Center
Mean, median, and mode
Measures of Spread
Range, IQR, standard deviation, and variance
Normal Distributions
Properties and calculations with normal curves
Sampling and Experimentation
Study design and data collection
Probability
Basic probability and random variables
Basic Probability Rules
Addition and multiplication rules
Conditional Probability
Probability given additional information
Independence
Independent vs dependent events
Discrete Random Variables
Probability distributions for discrete variables
Binomial Distribution
Binary outcomes over multiple trials
Geometric Distribution
Probability of first success on nth trial
Continuous Random Variables
Probability density functions
Statistical Inference: Confidence Intervals
Estimating population parameters
Sampling Distributions
Distribution of sample statistics
Central Limit Theorem
Distribution of sample means
Confidence Intervals for Proportions
Estimating population proportions
Confidence Intervals for Means
Estimating population means using t-distributions
Interpreting Confidence Intervals
What confidence level actually means
Statistical Inference: Hypothesis Testing
Testing claims about populations
Hypothesis Testing Framework
Null and alternative hypotheses, significance level
Type I and Type II Errors
Understanding testing errors and power
Tests for Proportions
One-sample and two-sample z-tests
Tests for Means
One-sample and two-sample t-tests
Paired Data
Analyzing matched pairs
Chi-Square Tests
Goodness of fit and independence tests
Regression and Correlation
Analyzing relationships between variables
Scatter Plots and Correlation
Visualizing and measuring linear relationships
Least-Squares Regression
Finding the line of best fit
Residuals and Residual Plots
Assessing model fit
Coefficient of Determination
Understanding r-squared
Transformations for Linearity
Linearizing nonlinear relationships
Inference for Regression
Confidence intervals and tests for slope