Science Passage Reading
Extracting hypotheses, variables, and experiment goals
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Science Passage Reading
Read for the Experiment, Not the Facts
MCAT science passages exist to test reasoning about an experiment or model. On first read, extract: what was manipulated (independent variable), what was measured (dependent variable), what changed between trials or groups, and what surprised the researchers. Background facts can be looked up when a question demands them.
The 60-Second Skeleton
Paragraph 1 usually frames the phenomenon; middle paragraphs describe methods and results; the last paragraph interprets. Annotate one phrase per paragraph naming its job. Circle every variable name, enzyme, and group label — questions refer to them by name.
Passage vs. Outside Knowledge
Roughly half of science questions need the passage; the rest are discrete-in-disguise. If a question quotes a figure or trial number, return to the data. If it asks a definition or mechanism, answer from content knowledge and use the passage only to disambiguate.
Key Takeaways
- Identify IV, DV, and group differences on the first pass
- One-phrase annotation per paragraph beats highlighting everything
- Decide fast: passage-based or knowledge-based question
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