## Overview & Glycolysis

Part 1 of 7 — Overview & Glycolysis

1. Overall equation: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP
2. Glycolysis occurs in cytoplasm, no O₂ required
3. Glucose → 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH
4. First step of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration

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### Key Details

• Overall equation: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP
• Glycolysis occurs in cytoplasm, no O₂ required
• Glucose → 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH
• First step of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration

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## Pyruvate Oxidation & Krebs Cycle

Part 2 of 7 — Pyruvate Oxidation & Krebs Cycle

1. Pyruvate → acetyl-CoA + CO₂ + NADH (in mitochondrial matrix)
2. Krebs cycle: acetyl-CoA → 2CO₂ + 3NADH + FADH₂ + ATP
3. Per glucose: cycle turns twice
4. Occurs in mitochondrial matrix

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### Key Details

• Pyruvate → acetyl-CoA + CO₂ + NADH (in mitochondrial matrix)
• Krebs cycle: acetyl-CoA → 2CO₂ + 3NADH + FADH₂ + ATP
• Per glucose: cycle turns twice
• Occurs in mitochondrial matrix

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## Electron Transport Chain

Part 3 of 7 — Electron Transport Chain

1. Located in inner mitochondrial membrane
2. NADH and FADH₂ donate electrons
3. Electrons pass through complexes I-IV
4. O₂ is the final electron acceptor → H₂O

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### Key Details

• Located in inner mitochondrial membrane
• NADH and FADH₂ donate electrons
• Electrons pass through complexes I-IV
• O₂ is the final electron acceptor → H₂O

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## Oxidative Phosphorylation

Part 4 of 7 — Oxidative Phosphorylation

1. Chemiosmosis: H⁺ gradient drives ATP synthase
2. ETC creates proton gradient across inner membrane
3. ATP synthase: molecular turbine
4. ~30-32 ATP per glucose from oxidative phosphorylation

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### Key Details

• Chemiosmosis: H⁺ gradient drives ATP synthase
• ETC creates proton gradient across inner membrane
• ATP synthase: molecular turbine
• ~30-32 ATP per glucose from oxidative phosphorylation

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## Anaerobic Respiration

Part 5 of 7 — Anaerobic Respiration

1. Fermentation when O₂ is absent
2. Lactic acid fermentation: pyruvate → lactate (animals, bacteria)
3. Alcohol fermentation: pyruvate → ethanol + CO₂ (yeast)
4. Only 2 ATP per glucose without O₂

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### Key Details

• Fermentation when O₂ is absent
• Lactic acid fermentation: pyruvate → lactate (animals, bacteria)
• Alcohol fermentation: pyruvate → ethanol + CO₂ (yeast)
• Only 2 ATP per glucose without O₂

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## Cellular Respiration: Problem-Solving Workshop

Part 6 of 7 — Problem-Solving

1. ATP yield calculations
2. Identifying where each stage occurs
3. Predicting effects of ETC inhibitors
4. Comparing aerobic vs anaerobic pathways

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### Key Details

• ATP yield calculations
• Identifying where each stage occurs
• Predicting effects of ETC inhibitors
• Comparing aerobic vs anaerobic pathways

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## Cellular Respiration: Synthesis & AP Review

Part 7 of 7 — Synthesis & AP Review

1. Total ATP yield: ~36-38 per glucose
2. Energy coupling and chemiosmosis
3. Evolution of aerobic respiration
4. Connection to photosynthesis

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### Key Details

• Total ATP yield: ~36-38 per glucose
• Energy coupling and chemiosmosis
• Evolution of aerobic respiration
• Connection to photosynthesis

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