📝 Grammar Conventions

Part 1 of 7 — Subject-Verb Agreement

The subject and verb must agree in number (singular/plural).

Ignore words between the subject and verb (prepositional phrases, appositives).

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Key Insight: Compound subjects with "and" take plural verbs.

SAT Tip: Collective nouns (team, group) are typically singular.

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Pronoun Usage

Part 2 of 7 — Pronoun Usage

Pronouns must agree with antecedents in number and gender.

Ambiguous pronoun reference: unclear which noun the pronoun refers to.

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Key Insight: Who/whom: who = subject, whom = object (try replacing with he/him).

SAT Tip: Its vs. it's: its = possessive, it's = it is/it has.

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Verb Tense & Mood

Part 3 of 7 — Verb Tense & Mood

Keep verb tenses consistent within a passage unless there's a time shift.

Past perfect (had + past participle): action completed before another past action.

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Key Insight: Subjunctive mood: "If I were" (contrary to fact), "It is essential that she be present".

SAT Tip: SAT loves testing tense consistency and unnecessary tense shifts.

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Sentence Structure

Part 4 of 7 — Sentence Structure

Run-on sentences: two independent clauses without proper punctuation.

Fix with: period, semicolon, comma + FANBOYS conjunction, or subordination.

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Key Insight: Fragment: missing subject or verb, or a dependent clause standing alone.

SAT Tip: Parallel structure: items in a list or comparison should have the same grammatical form.

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Punctuation Rules

Part 5 of 7 — Punctuation Rules

Comma: before FANBOYS in compound sentences, after introductory elements, around nonessential clauses.

Semicolon: connects two related independent clauses (no conjunction needed).

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Key Insight: Colon: introduces a list, explanation, or elaboration (independent clause before it).

SAT Tip: Dash: sets off a parenthetical or emphatic statement — can replace commas or colons for emphasis.

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Problem-Solving Workshop

Part 6 of 7 — Problem-Solving Workshop

Comma: before FANBOYS in compound sentences, after introductory elements, around nonessential clauses.

Semicolon: connects two related independent clauses (no conjunction needed).

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Key Insight: Colon: introduces a list, explanation, or elaboration (independent clause before it).

SAT Tip: Dash: sets off a parenthetical or emphatic statement — can replace commas or colons for emphasis.

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Review & Applications

Part 7 of 7 — Review & Applications

Comma: before FANBOYS in compound sentences, after introductory elements, around nonessential clauses.

Semicolon: connects two related independent clauses (no conjunction needed).

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Key Insight: Colon: introduces a list, explanation, or elaboration (independent clause before it).

SAT Tip: Dash: sets off a parenthetical or emphatic statement — can replace commas or colons for emphasis.

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