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Create and interpret histograms, box plots, and dot plots.
Learn step-by-step with practice exercises built right in.
Each dot represents one data value placed above a number line.
Best for: Small data sets, seeing individual values, identifying clusters and gaps.
Bars show the frequency of data in intervals (bins).
How to make a histogram:
Reading histograms: The height shows how many values fall in each interval.
Best for: Large data sets, seeing the shape of a distribution.
A box plot shows the five-number summary:
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The box spans from Q1 to Q3. The whiskers extend to the min and max.
The IQR measures the spread of the middle 50% of the data.
| Display | Use When |
|---|---|
| Dot plot | Small data set, see individual values |
| Histogram | Large data set, see distribution shape |
| Box plot | Compare distributions, see spread |
| Bar graph | Categorical data |
| Circle graph | Parts of a whole |
Use shape, center, and spread:
Remember: Histograms have no gaps between bars (quantitative data). Bar graphs do have gaps (categorical data).