Group Behavior & Prejudice

🧠 Group Behavior & Social Identity

Part 1 of 7 — Social Identity Theory

1. Social identity theory

we define ourselves by group memberships

2. Ingroup

groups we belong to

3. Outgroup

groups we don't belong to

4. Ingroup bias

favoring our own group members

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### Key Points

• Social identity theory: we define ourselves by group memberships
• Ingroup: groups we belong to
• Outgroup: groups we don't belong to
• Ingroup bias: favoring our own group members

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## Ingroup/Outgroup Dynamics

Part 2 of 7 — Ingroup/Outgroup Dynamics

1. Outgroup homogeneity

"they're all alike"

2. Just-world hypothesis

people get what they deserve

3. Realistic conflict theory

competition between groups causes prejudice

4. Robbers Cave experiment (Sherif)

competition → hostility, cooperation → harmony

Concept Check 🎯

### Key Points

• Outgroup homogeneity: "they're all alike"
• Just-world hypothesis: people get what they deserve
• Realistic conflict theory: competition between groups causes prejudice
• Robbers Cave experiment (Sherif): competition → hostility, cooperation → harmony

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## Reducing Prejudice

Part 3 of 7 — Reducing Prejudice

1. Contact hypothesis

positive intergroup contact reduces prejudice

2. Conditions

equal status, common goals, cooperation, institutional support

3. Jigsaw classroom

cooperative learning technique

4. Superordinate goals

shared goals that require cooperation

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### Key Points

• Contact hypothesis: positive intergroup contact reduces prejudice
• Conditions: equal status, common goals, cooperation, institutional support
• Jigsaw classroom: cooperative learning technique
• Superordinate goals: shared goals that require cooperation

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## Interpersonal Attraction

Part 4 of 7 — Interpersonal Attraction

1. Proximity effect

geographic closeness → attraction

2. Mere exposure effect

repeated exposure increases liking

3. Physical attractiveness

symmetry, averageness

4. Similarity

we're attracted to people similar to us

Concept Check 🎯

### Key Points

• Proximity effect: geographic closeness → attraction
• Mere exposure effect: repeated exposure increases liking
• Physical attractiveness: symmetry, averageness
• Similarity: we're attracted to people similar to us

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## Cultural Influences

Part 5 of 7 — Cultural Influences

1. Individualist cultures

emphasis on personal goals and independence

2. Collectivist cultures

emphasis on group goals and interdependence

3. Cultural differences in conformity, attribution, self-concept

Cultural differences in conformity, attribution, self-concept

4. Cross-cultural psychology

studying behavior across cultures

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### Key Points

• Individualist cultures: emphasis on personal goals and independence
• Collectivist cultures: emphasis on group goals and interdependence
• Cultural differences in conformity, attribution, self-concept
• Cross-cultural psychology: studying behavior across cultures

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## Problem-Solving Workshop

Part 6 of 7 — Problem-Solving Workshop

1. Analyzing intergroup conflict scenarios

Analyzing intergroup conflict scenarios

2. Evaluating prejudice reduction strategies

Evaluating prejudice reduction strategies

3. Identifying cultural influences on behavior

Identifying cultural influences on behavior

4. Applying social identity concepts

Applying social identity concepts

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### Key Points

• Analyzing intergroup conflict scenarios
• Evaluating prejudice reduction strategies
• Identifying cultural influences on behavior
• Applying social identity concepts

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## Synthesis & AP Review

Part 7 of 7 — Synthesis & AP Review

1. Group membership shapes identity and behavior

Group membership shapes identity and behavior

2. Prejudice can be reduced through structured contact

Prejudice can be reduced through structured contact

3. Culture influences psychological processes

Culture influences psychological processes

4. AP exam

social psychology research studies

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### Key Points

• Group membership shapes identity and behavior
• Prejudice can be reduced through structured contact
• Culture influences psychological processes
• AP exam: social psychology research studies

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